绝缘技术监督是保证电气设备安全、稳定、经济运行的重要手段之一,也是发电企业生产技术管理的一项重要基础工作。为适应集团公司发电企业发展的需要,进一步加强和规范绝缘技术监督工作,特编写此书。本书分为绝缘监督基础知识、绝缘技术监督管理、电气设备高压试验三篇共二十五章,切合实际,应用性强,较全面地涵盖了绝缘监督工作的主要内容。本书为发电厂绝缘专业技术监督工作人员的工具书,对提高发电厂绝缘技术监督水平具有积极作用。
发电厂绝缘技术监督
绝缘技术监督是保证电气设备安全、稳定、经济运行的重要手段之一,也是发电企业生产技术管理的一项重要基础工作。绝缘技术监督实行从设计选型、审查、监造、出厂验收、安装、投产验收、运行、检修到技术改造的全过程、全方位技术监督,认真贯彻执行国家、行业及国家能源投资集团有限责任公司(简称集团公司)有关规程标准与反事故措施,掌握电气设备的绝缘变化规律,及时发现和消除绝缘缺陷,分析绝缘事故,制定反事故措施,不断提高电气设备运行的安全可靠性。
2017 年,集团公司技术监督平台统计数据显示各企业绝缘专业指标完成情况较好,基本完成了年度制定的绝缘监督计划,发电企业6kV及以上高压设备计划预防性试验22 008件,实际完成22 005件,预防性试验完成率为99.9%;缺陷发现231件,消除缺陷数228件,缺陷消除率98.28%。但是,绝缘事故无小事,近年来,集团发生多起变压器烧毁和发电机定子接地事故,造成了巨大的经济损失和严重的社会影响。为适应集团公司发电企业发展的需要,进一步加强和规范绝缘技术监督工作,根据国家、行业有关规程标准,特制定《火力发电厂绝缘技术监督工作手册》。
本书分为绝缘监督基础知识、绝缘技术监督管理、电气设备高压试验三篇,其中电气设备高压试验讲解了发电机试验、变压器试验、互感器试验、断路器试验、GIS试验、套管试验、电容器试验、避雷器试验、电力电缆试验、绝缘油试验、绝缘子试验、接地阻抗试验12种高压试验的具体内容。切合实际,应用性强,较全面地涵盖了绝缘监督工作的主要内容。
本书是编者第一次将发电厂绝缘专业技术监督工作编制成册,其中难免出现疏漏之处,如有任何意见和问题,欢迎读者批评指正,以便在日后的版本修订中加以完善。
最后,希望本书能成为发电厂绝缘专业技术监督工作人员的工具书,对发电厂绝缘专业技术监督工作有所助益,为提高发电厂绝缘技术监督水平发挥积极的作用。
国家能源投资集团公司是中央直属的国有大型骨干企业,是神华集团和国电集团重组的大型能源集团。现职工37万人,资产体量大,是国际上第一大能源集团,在技术实力和管理实力方面都是国际领先。
前言
第一篇 绝缘监督基础知识
第一章
电介质·······························································································
1 第二章
绝缘电阻···························································································14 第三章
直流泄漏及直流耐压············································································20 第四章
介质损耗角正切值(tan)····································································25
第五章
工频交流耐压······················································································
31
第六章
局部放电·····························································································
37
第七章
接地装置·····························································································
43 第八章
电气设备防污闪····················································································
52 第九章
红外热成像·························································································
64 第十章
电气设备在线监测················································································
75 第二篇 绝缘技术监督管理
第十一章
总体要求·························································································
87
第十二章
电气设备监督内容·············································································
88
第一节 发电机的技术监督··········································································
88
第二节
电力变压器的技术监督····································································
91
第三节 互感器的技术监督··········································································
96
第四节
气体绝缘金属封闭开关设备(GIS)的技术监督···································· 98
第五节 高压断路器的技术监督···································································
100
第六节
外绝缘防污闪的技术监督································································
103
第七节 接地装置的技术监督······································································
105
第八节
金属氧化物避雷器的技术监督··························································
106
第九节
电力电缆的技术监督······································································
107
第十三章
监督工作管理要求············································································
109
第三篇 电气设备高压试验
第十四章
发电机试验·····················································································
110 第十五章
电力变压器试验···············································································
160 第十六章
互感器试验·····················································································
184
第十七章
断路器试验·····················································································
190
第十八章
GIS试验························································································
192 第十九章
套管试验························································································
213
第二十章
电容器试验·····················································································
219 第二十一章
避雷器试验··················································································
226
第二十二章
电力电缆试验···············································································
228
第二十三章
变压器油中气体分析及故障诊断·······················································
233
第二十四章
绝缘子试验··················································································
284
附录
常用电气绝缘技术标准名录······································································
312
参考文献·······································································································
316 |